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Changes between Version 1 and Version 2 of TracStandalone


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Timestamp:
Feb 27, 2012, 10:52:28 AM (13 years ago)
Author:
trac
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  • TracStandalone

    v1 v2  
    11= Tracd =
    22
    3 Tracd is a lightweight standalone Trac web server. In most cases it's easier to setup and runs faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI script].
     3Tracd is a lightweight standalone Trac web server.
     4It can be used in a variety of situations, from a test or development server to a multiprocess setup behind another web server used as a load balancer.
    45
    56== Pros ==
    67
    78 * Fewer dependencies: You don't need to install apache or any other web-server.
    8  * Fast: Should be almost as fast as the [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] version (and much faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI]).
     9 * Fast: Should be almost as fast as the [wiki:TracModPython mod_python] version (and much faster than the [wiki:TracCgi CGI]), even more so since version 0.12 where the HTTP/1.1 version of the protocol is enabled by default
    910 * Automatic reloading: For development, Tracd can be used in ''auto_reload'' mode, which will automatically restart the server whenever you make a change to the code (in Trac itself or in a plugin).
    1011
    1112== Cons ==
    1213
    13  * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache HTTPD.
     14 * Fewer features: Tracd implements a very simple web-server and is not as configurable or as scalable as Apache httpd.
    1415 * No native HTTPS support: [http://www.rickk.com/sslwrap/ sslwrap] can be used instead,
    1516   or [http://trac.edgewall.org/wiki/STunnelTracd stunnel -- a tutorial on how to use stunnel with tracd] or Apache with mod_proxy.
     
    2122 $ tracd -p 8080 /path/to/project
    2223}}}
     24Stricly speaking this will make your Trac accessible to everybody from your network rather than ''localhost only''. To truly limit it use ''--hostname'' option.
     25{{{
     26 $ tracd --hostname=localhost -p 8080 /path/to/project
     27}}}
    2328With more than one project. (http://localhost:8080/project1/ and http://localhost:8080/project2/)
    2429{{{
     
    3439}}}
    3540
     41To exit the server on Windows, be sure to use {{{CTRL-BREAK}}} -- using {{{CTRL-C}}} will leave a Python process running in the background.
     42
     43== Installing as a Windows Service ==
     44
     45=== Option 1 ===
     46To install as a Windows service, get the [http://www.google.com/search?q=srvany.exe SRVANY] utility and run:
     47{{{
     48 C:\path\to\instsrv.exe tracd C:\path\to\srvany.exe
     49 reg add HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters /v Application /d "\"C:\path\to\python.exe\" \"C:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py\" <your tracd parameters>"
     50 net start tracd
     51}}}
     52
     53'''DO NOT''' use {{{tracd.exe}}}.  Instead register {{{python.exe}}} directly with {{{tracd-script.py}}} as a parameter.  If you use {{{tracd.exe}}}, it will spawn the python process without SRVANY's knowledge.  This python process will survive a {{{net stop tracd}}}.
     54
     55If you want tracd to start automatically when you boot Windows, do:
     56{{{
     57 sc config tracd start= auto
     58}}}
     59
     60The spacing here is important.
     61
     62{{{#!div
     63Once the service is installed, it might be simpler to run the Registry Editor rather than use the `reg add` command documented above.  Navigate to:[[BR]]
     64`HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\tracd\Parameters`
     65
     66Three (string) parameters are provided:
     67||!AppDirectory ||C:\Python26\ ||
     68||Application ||python.exe ||
     69||!AppParameters ||scripts\tracd-script.py -p 8080 ... ||
     70
     71Note that, if the !AppDirectory is set as above, the paths of the executable ''and'' of the script name and parameter values are relative to the directory.  This makes updating Python a little simpler because the change can be limited, here, to a single point.
     72(This is true for the path to the .htpasswd file, as well, despite the documentation calling out the /full/path/to/htpasswd; however, you may not wish to store that file under the Python directory.)
     73}}}
     74
     75For Windows 7 User, srvany.exe may not be an option, so you can use [http://www.google.com/search?q=winserv.exe WINSERV] utility and run:
     76{{{
     77"C:\path\to\winserv.exe" install tracd -displayname "tracd" -start auto "C:\path\to\python.exe" c:\path\to\python\scripts\tracd-script.py <your tracd parameters>"
     78
     79net start tracd
     80}}}
     81
     82=== Option 2 ===
     83
     84Use [http://trac-hacks.org/wiki/WindowsServiceScript WindowsServiceScript], available at [http://trac-hacks.org/ Trac Hacks]. Installs, removes, starts, stops, etc. your Trac service.
     85
    3686== Using Authentication ==
    3787
    38 Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. The default is to use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the examples below, and omit the realm.
    39 
    40   ''Support for Basic authentication was added in version 0.9.''
    41 
    42 If the file `/path/to/users.htdigest` contains user accounts for project1 with the realm "mycompany.com", you'd use the following command-line to start tracd:
    43 {{{
    44  $ tracd -p 8080 --auth project1,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com /path/to/project1
    45 }}}
    46 
    47 '''Note''': the project "name" passed to the `--auth` option is the base name of the project environment directory.
    48 
    49 Of course, the digest file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project:
     88Tracd provides support for both Basic and Digest authentication. Digest is considered more secure. The examples below use Digest; to use Basic authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` in the command line.
     89
     90The general format for using authentication is:
     91{{{
     92 $ tracd -p port --auth="base_project_dir,password_file_path,realm" project_path
     93}}}
     94where:
     95 * '''base_project_dir''': the base directory of the project specified as follows:
     96   * when serving multiple projects: ''relative'' to the `project_path`
     97   * when serving only a single project (`-s`): the name of the project directory
     98 Don't use an absolute path here as this won't work. ''Note:'' This parameter is case-sensitive even for environments on Windows.
     99 * '''password_file_path''': path to the password file
     100 * '''realm''': the realm name (can be anything)
     101 * '''project_path''': path of the project
     102
     103 * **`--auth`** in the above means use Digest authentication, replace `--auth` with `--basic-auth` if you want to use Basic auth.  Although Basic authentication does not require a "realm", the command parser does, so the second comma is required, followed directly by the closing quote for an empty realm name.
     104
     105Examples:
     106
    50107{{{
    51108 $ tracd -p 8080 \
    52    --auth project1,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com \
    53    --auth project2,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com \
     109   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" /path/to/project1
     110}}}
     111
     112Of course, the password file can be be shared so that it is used for more than one project:
     113{{{
     114 $ tracd -p 8080 \
     115   --auth="project1,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \
     116   --auth="project2,/path/to/passwordfile,mycompany.com" \
    54117   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
    55118}}}
    56119
    57 Another way to share the digest file is to specify "*"
    58 for the project name:
     120Another way to share the password file is to specify "*" for the project name:
    59121{{{
    60122 $ tracd -p 8080 \
    61    --auth *,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com \
     123   --auth="*,/path/to/users.htdigest,mycompany.com" \
    62124   /path/to/project1 /path/to/project2
    63125}}}
    64126
    65 == How to set up an htdigest password file ==
     127=== Basic Authorization: Using a htpasswd password file ===
     128This section describes how to use `tracd` with Apache .htpasswd files.
     129
     130To create a .htpasswd file use Apache's `htpasswd` command (see [#GeneratingPasswordsWithoutApache below] for a method to create these files without using Apache):
     131{{{
     132 $ sudo htpasswd -c /path/to/env/.htpasswd username
     133}}}
     134then for additional users:
     135{{{
     136 $ sudo htpasswd /path/to/env/.htpasswd username2
     137}}}
     138
     139Then to start `tracd` run something like this:
     140{{{
     141 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="projectdirname,/fullpath/environmentname/.htpasswd,realmname" /fullpath/environmentname
     142}}}
     143
     144For example:
     145{{{
     146 $ tracd -p 8080 --basic-auth="testenv,/srv/tracenv/testenv/.htpasswd,My Test Env" /srv/tracenv/testenv
     147}}}
     148''Note:'' You might need to pass "-m" as a parameter to htpasswd on some platforms (OpenBSD).
     149
     150=== Digest authentication: Using a htdigest password file ===
    66151
    67152If you have Apache available, you can use the htdigest command to generate the password file. Type 'htdigest' to get some usage instructions, or read [http://httpd.apache.org/docs/2.0/programs/htdigest.html this page] from the Apache manual to get precise instructions.  You'll be prompted for a password to enter for each user that you create.  For the name of the password file, you can use whatever you like, but if you use something like `users.htdigest` it will remind you what the file contains. As a suggestion, put it in your <projectname>/conf folder along with the [TracIni trac.ini] file.
     
    69154Note that you can start tracd without the --auth argument, but if you click on the ''Login'' link you will get an error.
    70155
    71 == Generating Passwords Without Apache ==
    72 
    73 If you don't have Apache available, you can use this simple Python script to generate your passwords:
    74 
    75 {{{
     156=== Generating Passwords Without Apache ===
     157
     158Basic Authorization can be accomplished via this [http://www.4webhelp.net/us/password.php online HTTP Password generator].  Copy the generated password-hash line to the .htpasswd file on your system.
     159
     160You can use this simple Python script to generate a '''digest''' password file:
     161
     162{{{
     163#!python
    76164from optparse import OptionParser
    77 import md5
     165# The md5 module is deprecated in Python 2.5
     166try:
     167    from hashlib import md5
     168except ImportError:
     169    from md5 import md5
     170realm = 'trac'
    78171
    79172# build the options
     
    84177parser.add_option("-p", "--password",action="store", dest="password", type = "string",
    85178                  help="the password to use")
     179parser.add_option("-r", "--realm",action="store", dest="realm", type = "string",
     180                  help="the realm in which to create the digest")
    86181(options, args) = parser.parse_args()
    87182
     
    89184if (options.username is None) or (options.password is None):
    90185   parser.error("You must supply both the username and password")
     186if (options.realm is not None):
     187   realm = options.realm
    91188   
    92189# Generate the string to enter into the htdigest file
    93 realm = 'trac'
    94 kd = lambda x: md5.md5(':'.join(x)).hexdigest()
     190kd = lambda x: md5(':'.join(x)).hexdigest()
    95191print ':'.join((options.username, realm, kd([options.username, realm, options.password])))
    96192}}}
    97193
    98 Note: If you use the above script you must use the --auth option to tracd, not --basic-auth, and you must set the realm in the --auth value to 'trac' (without the quotes). Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py):
    99 
    100 {{{
    101 python trac-digest.py -u username -p password >> c:\digest.txt
    102 python tracd --port 8000 --auth proj_name,c:\digest.txt,trac c:\path\to\proj_name
     194Note: If you use the above script you must set the realm in the `--auth` argument to '''`trac`'''. Example usage (assuming you saved the script as trac-digest.py):
     195
     196{{{
     197 $ python trac-digest.py -u username -p password >> c:\digest.txt
     198 $ tracd --port 8000 --auth=proj_name,c:\digest.txt,trac c:\path\to\proj_name
     199}}}
     200
     201==== Using `md5sum`
     202It is possible to use `md5sum` utility to generate digest-password file:
     203{{{
     204 $ printf "${user}:trac:${password}" | md5sum - >>user.htdigest
     205}}}
     206and manually delete " -" from the end and add "${user}:trac:" to the start of line from 'to-file'.
     207
     208== Reference ==
     209
     210Here's the online help, as a reminder (`tracd --help`):
     211{{{
     212Usage: tracd [options] [projenv] ...
     213
     214Options:
     215  --version             show program's version number and exit
     216  -h, --help            show this help message and exit
     217  -a DIGESTAUTH, --auth=DIGESTAUTH
     218                        [projectdir],[htdigest_file],[realm]
     219  --basic-auth=BASICAUTH
     220                        [projectdir],[htpasswd_file],[realm]
     221  -p PORT, --port=PORT  the port number to bind to
     222  -b HOSTNAME, --hostname=HOSTNAME
     223                        the host name or IP address to bind to
     224  --protocol=PROTOCOL   http|scgi|ajp
     225  -q, --unquote         unquote PATH_INFO (may be needed when using ajp)
     226  --http10              use HTTP/1.0 protocol version (default)
     227  --http11              use HTTP/1.1 protocol version instead of HTTP/1.0
     228  -e PARENTDIR, --env-parent-dir=PARENTDIR
     229                        parent directory of the project environments
     230  --base-path=BASE_PATH
     231                        the initial portion of the request URL's "path"
     232  -r, --auto-reload     restart automatically when sources are modified
     233  -s, --single-env      only serve a single project without the project list
    103234}}}
    104235
     
    107238=== Serving static content ===
    108239
    109 If `tracd` is the only webserver used for the project,
     240If `tracd` is the only web server used for the project,
    110241it can also be used to distribute static content
    111242(tarballs, Doxygen documentation, etc.)
     
    116247Example: given a `$TRAC_ENV/htdocs/software-0.1.tar.gz` file,
    117248the corresponding relative URL would be `/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz`,
    118 which in turn can be written using the relative link syntax
    119 in the Wiki: `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]`
    120 
    121 The development version of Trac supports a new `htdocs:` TracLinks
    122 syntax for the above. With this, the example link above can be written simply
    123 `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz`.
     249which in turn can be written as `htdocs:software-0.1.tar.gz` (TracLinks syntax) or `[/<project_name>/chrome/site/software-0.1.tar.gz]` (relative link syntax).
     250
     251 ''Support for `htdocs:` TracLinks syntax was added in version 0.10''
     252
     253=== Using tracd behind a proxy
     254
     255In some situations when you choose to use tracd behind Apache or another web server.
     256
     257In this situation, you might experience issues with redirects, like being redirected to URLs with the wrong host or protocol. In this case (and only in this case), setting the `[trac] use_base_url_for_redirect` to `true` can help, as this will force Trac to use the value of `[trac] base_url` for doing the redirects.
     258
     259If you're using the AJP protocol to connect with `tracd` (which is possible if you have flup installed), then you might experience problems with double quoting. Consider adding the `--unquote` parameter.
     260
     261See also [trac:TracOnWindowsIisAjp], [trac:TracNginxRecipe].
     262
     263=== Serving a different base path than / ===
     264Tracd supports serving projects with different base urls than /<project>. The parameter name to change this is
     265{{{
     266 $ tracd --base-path=/some/path
     267}}}
    124268
    125269----
    126 See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide
    127 
    128 ----
    129 '''Translation:'''
    130  * [https://opensvn.csie.org/traccgi/trac_rus/wiki/StandAloneTracForTeapot Russian] (перевод на Русский)
     270See also: TracInstall, TracCgi, TracModPython, TracGuide, [trac:TracOnWindowsStandalone#RunningTracdasservice Running tracd.exe as a Windows service]